Dandelions are part of the genus Taraxacum, which consists of about 40 species worldwide. Two of these species are found in California. Introduced from Europe, dandelion is a perennial that grows year round in most areas of our state.
Dandelions can live for years. Its taproot is strong and capable of reaching 10 to 15 feet deep, although typically the taproot travels only 6 to 18 inches deep. They can reproduce and regenerate quickly. Sections of root as short as 1 inch in length can produce new plants. The puffball many of us blew on as children, while asking for a wish, sends out hundreds of seeds that can travel for miles on wind currents. The seeds germinate at or near the soil surface at temperatures above 50°F.
With a high vitamin and mineral content, dandelion has been used historically as a medicinal plant. Teas, salads, beer and wines are also made from the roots, leaves and flowers. However, dandelions are mainly viewed as a major weed problem in turf, ornamental plantings, meadows, pastures, and alfalfa.
To learn more about this plant, please see UC’s Dandelions Integrated Pest Management for Home Gardeners and Landscape Professionals. Commercial growers can find crop specific management practices at the UC IPM website.
