UCR wages $11+ million war against citrus greening disease
Three projects win funding to fight tree-killing bacteria
Update on Novel Ant Control Method in Citrus (MyAgLife in Citrus, Episode 828)
Recently, the Citrus Research Boards, IPM Entomologist, Ivan Milosavljevi?, Ph.D., was a guest on Episode 828 of MyAgLife in Citrus, where he provided an update on on a novel method of ant control in citrus. This method utilizes hydrogel beads filled with trace pesticide amounts.
To listen to the episode, please click below.
Episode 828 | April 30, 2024 | MyAgLife in Citrus – MyAgLife Daily News Report
argentine ant and hydrogels
Click here to view the May 2024 digital edition.
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citrus
UC Riverside Citrus Field Day for growers and industry members
Thursday, March 7, 2024
Outdoor field meeting
7:15 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. (lunch included)
1060 Martin Luther King Blvd., Riverside, CA
7:15 Registration and Parking
7:45 Welcome, Tracy Kahn and Peggy Mauk, Dept Botany and Plant Sciences, UC Riverside
8:00 Updates on changes in pesticide regulations, update on Oriental Fruit fly quarantine, ACP/HLB Regulations – Delia Cioc, Ag Commissioner and Erik Downs, Deputy Ag Commissioner, Riverside County
Current invasive fruit fly quarantines in California – Nawal Sharma (CDFA) and Francisco Quintana (USDA)
Understanding Oriental Fruit Fly biology, Asian Citrus Psyllid control programs – Dr. Bodil Cass, UC Riverside
Phytosanitary treatment development for invasive species – Dr. Spencer Walse, USDA
Updates on Citrus Yellow Vein Clearing Virus in California and its proposed quarantine regulations – Anmol Joshi, Citrus Pest and Disease Prevention Division CDFA
Citrus Yellow Vein Associated Virus VS Citrus Yellow Vein Clearing Virus: FRIEND VS FOE – Dr. Georgios Vidalakis, UC Riverside
BREAK
Controlling Asian Citrus Psyllids using systemic insecticides – Dr. Frank Byrne, UC Riverside
Anthracnose of citrus Understanding the pathogen and its control – Dr. Peggy Mauk, UC Riverside
Spatial culturomics of the citrus microbiome to derive bioinoculants from functional microbiome studies – Dr. Caroline Roper & Christopher Drozd
Demonstration of autonomous systems for agriculture – Dr. Konstantinos Karydis, UC Riverside
Long-term solutions for citrus huanglongbing – Dr. Chandrika Ramadugu, UC Riverside
UCR Citrus Breeding and Evaluation Program Fruit Display – Toni Siebert Wooldridge, UC Riverside
Vendor demonstrations of autonomous systems
LUNCH
Continuing education PENDING
Link to program: https://capca.com/calendar/capca-socal-ucr-2024-citrus-day/
Direct link to registration: https://events.capca.com/event/21/register
UCR researchers appreciate the ongoing support of the Citrus Research Board
citrus orchards riverside
Three projects win funding to fight tree-killing bacteria
With three new grants totaling more than $11 million, UC Riverside is helping lead the fight against citrus greening or Huanglongbing, a disease threatening citrus industries in the U.S. and worldwide.
The disease is from bacteria transmitted to citrus trees by a tiny flying insect, the Asian citrus psyllid. Infected trees produce no fruit, or fruit that is bitter, small and worthless. Despite intensive research for the past 15 years, there is no known cure for it. It has reduced citrus production in Florida by more than 75%, and it has already been detected in Texas and California.
Because California supplies the country with 80% of its fresh citrus, and because 267,000 acres of Golden State lemons, oranges, grapefruits, and mandarins are at stake if operations are permanently lost, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture is making an emergency investment in citrus disease research with three projects at UCR.
These projects focus on instilling tolerance to the disease with three different approaches: below ground, in the rootstocks, above ground in the shoots and branches, and systemically, with a peptide that would move throughout the tree.
The largest of the projects, at $6.8 million, is being led by Danelle Seymour, assistant professor of genetics in the Botany and Plant Sciences Department at UCR. Their focus is on breeding Huanglongbing or HLB-resistant rootstocks, and the project depends on collaboration with Kim Bowman, a citrus breeder at the USDA Agricultural Research Service in Ft. Pierce, Florida.
“In Florida, nearly every single tree is infected. It's terrible for growers, but wonderful for breeding,” Seymour said. “We can't do this research at large scale in California because the disease isn't as widespread here.”
The classic way to improve resistance or encourage new qualities in crops is through genetics, making crosses between one plant that has a favorable trait, and one that doesn't. “We hope the result is better than the parents,” Seymour said. “When you work in wheat or tomato, you can do these crosses and perform evaluations every year. In citrus, it takes 10 - 15 years to evaluate a new generation of trees.”
Because of the long lag time, the research-ready trees in Florida represent an opportunity for Seymour's team to begin examining new crosses now. The breeder, Kim Bowman, has evaluated over 10,000 trees and unique hybrids, from which a handful will be selected for release to growers.
In addition to evaluating these select few new hybrids for their HLB tolerance, the researchers will be watching the Florida-grown trees' responses to the different environmental conditions in California. “Can they perform well in response to different salinity levels in the soil, different humidity, as well as other pests and pathogens that we have here? We'll find out,” Seymour said.
Chandrika Ramadugu, a project scientist also in UCR's Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, is leading a project to develop HLB-resistant scion varieties that can be grafted to rootstocks. A scion is an above-ground portion of a plant, such as a bud or shoot, that can be used for grafting.
For trees, grafting can be equated to an organ transplant. The scion from one tree is attached to the trunk or rootstock of another with the hope of creating a new plant with combined attributes.
With its grant of $3.28 million, this project will analyze second-generation hybrids that are bred for ten years using Australian lime as a source of disease resistance.
Ramadugu will evaluate 24 novel hybrids in California, Florida, and Texas to assess resistance to HLB. Ideally, in addition to having enhanced disease tolerance, the new plants will also be able to produce good-tasting fruit.
There is little genetic diversity in cultivated citrus. When new pathogens arrive, the genetic uniformity can result in disease epidemics and dire consequences for the crop. In addition to the potential benefits of this project for the fight against HLB, the new hybrids may also help protect citrus from other pests and pathogens.
A third project, granted $1.36 million, will utilize a peptide found in Australian finger limes that is known to impart HLB resistance. Led by Hailing Jin, Microbiology & Plant Pathology professor, the project is developing ways to infuse trees with the peptide.
“The antimicrobial peptide in the finger limes are more efficient at killing bacteria as compared to antibiotics currently used in the field, and much more stable at high temperatures,” Jin said.
Because spray applications are expensive, Jin's project aims to spread the peptide throughout the trees' insides. In collaboration with University of Florida professor Svetlana Folimonova, Jin's team utilizes a natural citrus virus with almost no symptoms to deliver the peptide into the trees.
“You infect the tree with the virus, and it will spread in areas where the bacteria reside,” Jin said. “It would move systemically through the tree, and it would be very cost efficient for growers. No need to buy more insecticides.”
These grants were enabled by the 2018 Agricultural Improvement Act, which authorized the Emergency Citrus Disease Research and Development Trust Fund to fight HLB. With these and other projects, the USDA is bringing together the nation's top scientists to find scientifically sound solutions to the problem in a financially and ecologically sustainable way.
hlb tree pulled
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